Research in this field is currently largely anchored by case reports and clinical trials, yet the scarcity of broad-scale, multi-center trials and animal studies represents a substantial impediment. This impediment, coupled with persistent problems in institutional cooperation and experimental design, demands stronger collaboration and more rigorous methodologies from researchers involved.
Rapid advancements have been observed in the application of acupuncture for Bell's Palsy in recent years, with new research primarily focusing on its integration with traditional Chinese medicine. This encompasses the role of acupuncture in improving the prognosis of facial palsy, the mechanisms by which acupuncture enhances facial nerve function, and the use of electroacupuncture. Despite the efforts in research, the dominance of case reports and clinical trials persists in this field. The need for comprehensive multicenter clinical trials and substantial animal studies is acutely felt. The accompanying challenges in inter-institutional cooperation and experimental design emphasize the importance of fostering collaborative efforts and refined experimental strategies among researchers.
Osteophyte formation, cystic degeneration, subchondral ossification, and articular cartilage damage are the defining characteristics of the common clinical condition, osteoarthritis (OA). In the realm of osteoarthritis (OA), scholarly attention to exosomes has surged recently, leading to remarkable advancements over the past few years. Nevertheless, the literature concerning this area of research lacks a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Polymicrobial infection With osteoarthritis treatment in mind, this article aimed to scrutinize the research landscape of exosomes in the last 10 years and to pinpoint future research hotspots using bibliometric tools.
Data concerning pertinent publications in this field, published from 2012 to 2022, was sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WOSSCC). The bibliometric analysis process included VosViewer, CiteSpace, an online analysis platform, and the R package Bibliometrix.
This study utilized 484 publications (consisting of 319 articles and 165 review articles) from 51 countries and across 720 institutions. This field boasts IRCCS Ist Ortoped Galeazzi, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Sun Yat-sen University as its leading research institutions.
In terms of article contributions, they held the lead.
It boasts the highest citation count among all journals. From the pool of 2664 scholars who contributed to the study, Ragni E, De Girolamo L, Orfei CP, and Colombini A published the highest volume of articles. Zhang, SP's publications are frequently cited alongside other works, making them the most co-cited. Inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells, regenerative medicine, and biomaterials are the key considerations in the research.
This bibliometric analysis constitutes the first examination of exosomes in osteoarthritis. A review of recent research advancements revealed emerging frontiers and prominent hotspots in this domain. MG132 chemical structure MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are prominently featured in osteoarthritis treatment, and we find exosomal biomaterials to be at the forefront of this research area, serving as a valuable resource for researchers in this field.
This is an innovative bibliometric study, the first of its kind, analyzing exosomes in osteoarthritis. Current research progress in recent years was surveyed, revealing areas of significant development and burgeoning research topics within this field. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exos) are crucial in treating osteoarthritis, and exosomal biomaterials are identified as leading-edge in this domain, providing a valuable reference for researchers in the field.
Gut health can be maintained by diet-sourced aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands. Despite the abundance of bioactive compounds in food sources, discovering novel functional ligands with a substantial effect on gastrointestinal health remains a difficult task. The white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is the focus of this study, where a new AHR modulator is both predicted, discovered, and thoroughly analyzed. Analysis using a molecular networking approach indicated the presence of a methylated benzothiazole counterpart within white button mushrooms, leading to the isolation and identification of 2-amino-4-methyl-benzothiazole (2A4). Cell-culture experiments examining AHR-driven transcription elucidated that 2-amino-4-methyl-benzothiazole acted as an agonist, leading to an increase in CYP1A1 expression. This finding stands in stark contrast to prior research, which indicated that the whole white button mushroom extract exhibited overall antagonistic activity in living organisms. This highlights the critical need to investigate the specific contributions of individual chemical components within a complete food source. The research uncovered 2-amino-4-methyl-benzothiazole, a novel AHR modulator, present within the white button mushroom. This discovery showcases the potential of molecular networking to identify novel receptor modulators from natural products.
Infectious disease (ID) clinical practice, medical education, and research have been the focus of clear priorities established by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in recent years concerning inclusion, diversity, access, and equity (IDA&E). In 2018, the IDSA IDA&E Task Force was established to guarantee the application of these guiding principles. In 2021, the IDSA Training Program Directors Committee convened to deliberate on the best practices of IDA&E relevant to the education of ID fellows. Related to recruitment, clinical training, didactics, and faculty development, committee members strove to establish explicit goals and strategies. This document, stemming from the meeting, presents concepts for ID training program directors to use as a reference on this topic.
Abnormalities in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) are present in the structural and functional MRI connectivity metrics. Prior studies have highlighted the high reproducibility of whole-brain structural connectivity in subjects with SVD, in contrast to the lower reproducibility seen in whole-brain functional connectivity. The lower reproducibility of functional networks observed in subjects with SVD is uncertain; whether this stems from selective disruption in specific networks or if it's a widespread problem in SVD patients remains unknown. For this case-control study, 15 subjects with SVD and 10 age-matched controls underwent two distinct scans using diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state fMRI. Connectivity matrices were built, combining structural and functional data. The default mode, fronto-parietal, limbic, salience, somatomotor, and visual networks were isolated from these matrices. Average connectivity within each connection type was calculated to evaluate their reproducibility. The replication of regional structural networks was more robust than that of functional networks, with all structural networks, excluding the salience network from singular value decomposition (SVD), yielding ICC values higher than 0.64. Forensic pathology Reproducibility of functional networks was more robust in the control group, indicated by ICC values exceeding 0.7, compared to the SVD group, where ICC values were lower than 0.5. Both control and SVD groups displayed the highest reproducibility in the default mode network measurements. Reproducibility of functional networks was dependent on disease status, with SVD analyses showing a reduction in reproducibility compared with control subjects.
Recent preclinical studies, in conjunction with a meta-analysis of clinical trials, postulated that acupuncture could potentially ameliorate cognitive function in those with cerebral small vessel disease. We examined the cerebral blood flow patterns induced by acupuncture in individuals with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), contrasting these effects with those seen in healthy older adults.
Ten subjects with cerebrovascular small vessel disease (CSVD) and ten age-matched control subjects without or with minimal cerebrovascular small vessel disease (CSVD) were enrolled. For each group, a 30-minute acupuncture session was conducted. We evaluated the impact of our acupuncture treatment on cerebral blood flow using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Assessment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA)'s peak systolic velocity (PSV) and pulsatility index (PI) was conducted.
Our observation revealed a peak PSV increase of 39% at 20 minutes.
Despite the application of acupuncture, the CSVD group experienced no noteworthy change in the PI measurement; conversely, the other group demonstrated a noticeable change of 0.005 in PI. Although no substantial changes were detected in PSV for the control group during the acupuncture session, there was a noteworthy decline in PI, reaching a maximum of 22% at the 20-minute time point.
In a meticulous manner, this set of sentences has been meticulously reworded to ensure uniqueness and structural distinction from the original phrasing, guaranteeing a fresh perspective. Throughout and subsequent to the procedure, no adverse events were noted.
The subjects of this study, who possessed established moderate to severe CSVD, experienced an increase in cerebral blood flow due to our acupuncture prescription, with no demonstrable changes in distal vascular resistance. For subjects without or with negligible cerebrovascular small vessel disease (CSVD), a reduction in cerebral small vessel distal vascular resistance may occur. Further investigation, encompassing a larger sample size, is necessary to validate our observations.
This study revealed a link between our prescribed acupuncture treatments and a rise in cerebral blood flow in individuals with existing moderate to severe cerebrovascular disease, while distal vascular resistance remained unchanged. In cases of absent or insignificant cerebrovascular small vessel disease, the cerebral small vessel distal vascular resistance may decrease.